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Andronicus
A relative and fellow-prisoner of Paul, 'well known among the apostles' and a Christian before him.
What we know — and how we know it
Bible — stated in scripture (with verse) · 1
Scholarly — supported scholarly belief · 2
Family & lineage
Life, role & deeds
ScholarlyNo inscription or independent ancient author names this Andronicus; external material is confined to later church tradition, which lists him among the Seventy and, in Byzantine sources, makes him a bishop associated with Pannonia. This is a late commemorative tradition, not archaeological or eyewitness evidence.
Later tradition of the Seventy Disciples and Byzantine synaxaria (feast commemorations); no contemporary attestation.
Name & titles
ScholarlyAndronicus is a common Greek name, Andronikos, formed from anēr/andros ("man") and nikē ("victory"), roughly "conqueror of men" or "victorious man." That a Jewish Christian whom Paul calls his "kinsman" bears a purely Greek name reflects the thoroughly Hellenized milieu of diaspora Judaism.
Greek onomastics: Ἀνδρόνικος from ἀνήρ/ἀνδρός + νίκη; the name is widely attested for Greeks and Hellenized Jews in the period.
Where in scripture
RomansGreet Andronicus and Junia, my relatives and my fellow prisoners, who are notable among the apostles, who were also in Christ before me.
Romans 16:7 — 'Outstanding among the apostles'
Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible, a public-domain translation.